Kusho ukuthini "Ukumangalela Inyuvesi"? (Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa) | 20239 min ifundwe

Ukumangalela inyuvesi kungase kusabise, kodwa kwezinye izimo kungase kudingeke ukuba abantu abathile noma amaqembu enze kanjalo.

Izinyathelo ezingokomthetho ezimelene nenyuvesi zingathathelwa izizathu ezimbalwa, ezihlanganisa ukucwasa, ukuhlukumeza ngokocansi, ukuphulwa kwenkontileka, kanye nezingxabano zempahla yengqondo. 

Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukumangalela inyuvesi, izinqubo zomthetho ezihilelekile, kanye nemiphumela engaba khona yalelo cala.

Kusho ukuthini Ukumangalela Inyuvesi?

Ukumangalela inyuvesi kubhekisela ekuthatheni izinyathelo zomthetho ngokumelene nesikhungo semfundo ephakeme. 

Lesi sinyathelo somthetho singathathwa ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene, ezihlanganisa ukucwasa, ukuhlukumeza ngokocansi, ukunqanyulwa okungalungile, ukuphulwa kwenkontileka, noma izingxabano zempahla esunguliwe.

Inqubo yezomthetho yokumangalela inyuvesi ngokuvamile ihlanganisa ukufaka isikhalazo noma icala enkantolo futhi iveze imininingwane yamaphutha okusolwa ukuthi enziwe inyuvesi. 

Kube sekufuneka inyuvesi ukuthi iphendule, bese kuqala izinyathelo zomthetho.

8 Izinhlobo Zamacala Amelene Namanyuvesi

Izimangalo eziningi zomthetho namacala angase alethwe kumanyuvesi ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene ezihlobene nemisebenzi yawo.

Nazi ezinye zezinhlobo zamacala ezivame kakhulu abantu noma amaqembu abangawafaka ngokumelene namanyuvesi:

1. Amacala okucwasa

Icala lokucwasa lingalethwa uma inyuvesi yephule imithetho yenhlangano noma yezwe emelene nokucwasa.

Lokhu kungabandakanya ukucwasa okusekelwe kubulili bomuntu, umbala, inkolo, ubudala, ukukhubazeka ngokomzimba noma kwengqondo, noma ukukhetha kwakhe ubulili.

2. Amacala okuhlukumeza ngokocansi

Uma inyuvesi yehlulekile ukubhekana nezigameko zokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi, ukushaywa, noma udlame esikhungweni semfundo ephakeme, izisulu zingakhetha ukuvulela inyuvesi icala lomthetho.

3. Amacala okunqanyulwa okungafanele

Lawa macala angafakwa uma umsebenzi enomuzwa wokuthi inkontileka yakhe inqanyulwe ngaphandle kwesizathu noma inqubo efanele.

4. Ukwephulwa kwamacala enkontileka 

Uhlangothi oluthintekayo lungafaka icala lokwephulwa kwenkontileka uma inyuvesi yehluleka ukufeza imigomo yenkontileka, njengenkontileka yokuqashwa noma isivumelwano sokubhaliswa komfundi, 

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5. Izingxabano zempahla yobuhlakani 

Noma yikuphi ukwephulwa kwezinsolo zokwephulwa kwamalungelo empahla yobuhlakani bomuntu, njengamalungelo obunikazi, izimpawu zokuhweba, noma amalungelo okushicilela, kungaheha amacala enyuvesi.

6. Amacala okuvuma

Kwezinye izimo, abantu bangafaka amacala ngokumelene namanyuvesi ahlobene nezinqubomgomo zokwamukelwa, njengokucwaswa okusolwayo ohlelweni lokwamukelwa noma ukwehluleka ukulandela izimfuneko ezishiwo zokwamukelwa.

7. Amacala okungaziphathi kahle ezifundweni

Uma inyuvesi yehluleka ukubhekana nokungaziphathi kahle kwezemfundo, njengokukopela noma ukukopela, abathintekayo bangakhetha ukuvulela inyuvesi icala enkantolo.

8. Izingxabano zenkontileka

Amanyuvesi avame ukuba nobudlelwano benkontileka nabathengisi, abahlinzeki bempahla, nabahlinzeki besevisi bezinkampani zangaphandle. 

Izingxabano zenkontileka zingase ziphakame uma kunokungaboni ngaso linye mayelana nemibandela yenkontileka noma uma ingxenye eyodwa yehluleka ukufeza izibopho zayo ngaphansi kwenkontileka.

Lezi izibonelo ezimbalwa nje zamacala amaningi abantu noma amaqembu angawafaka ngokumelene namanyuvesi. Icala ngalinye lihlukile, futhi izimangalo ezithile ezingokomthetho ezenziwe zizoncika ezimweni zecala. 

Ake sithi ukholelwa ukuthi unesimangalo esisemthethweni ngokumelene nenyuvesi. Kuleso simo, kubalulekile ukuthintana nommeli onolwazi ongakusiza uqonde izinketho zakho zomthetho futhi akuqondise enqubweni yezomthetho.

Funda kabanzi:

6 Izinselelo Zokumangalela Inyuvesi

Nazi ezinye zezinselelo ezijwayelekile ezihambisana nokumangalela inyuvesi:

Ukumangalela inyuvesi kungase kube nzima, ikakhulukazi kulabo abangazazi izinqubo zomthetho. 

Lolu hlelo lubandakanya ukufaka isikhalazo, ukuqoqa ubufakazi, nokuvela enkantolo, okungase kube nzima futhi kudle isikhathi.

Izindleko zomthetho ezihlobene nokufaka icala zingabiza, futhi akuwona wonke umuntu ongakwazi ukuzikhokhela. Lokhu kungaba yisithiyo esibalulekile ekufuneleni inyuvesi izinyathelo zomthetho.

3. Ukubhekana nokuziphindiselela noma ukuhlehla enyuvesi

Amanyuvesi angase ahlehlisele emuva ngokumelene nabantu noma amaqembu afaka icala enkantolo, njengokwenqaba ukufinyelela ezikhungweni noma izinsiza noma ukubathathela izinyathelo zokuqondiswa kwezigwegwe. 

Lokhu kungadala isimo esinobutha futhi kwengeze ezinseleleni zomthetho.

4. Ukubhekana nokukhulunywa kabi emphakathini

Izinyathelo ezingokomthetho ezimelene nenyuvesi zingaheha abantu abaningi, kulimaze isithunzi sommangali noma iqembu abalimele. 

Lokhu kungase kubangele ukuhlehla okuvela emphakathini noma kwamanye amaqembu, kukwenze kube inselele ukugcina isithombe esihle.

5. Ukubhekana nomthwalo wobufakazi

Ezinqubo zomthetho, umthwalo wobufakazi ulele kummangali, okusho ukuthi kufanele banikeze ubufakazi obanele ukuze basekele izimangalo zabo. 

Lokhu kungaba inselele uma umangalela inyuvesi, njengoba inyuvesi ingase ibe nokufinyelela okukhulu ezinsizeni nasekumeleleni ngokomthetho.

6. Ukubhekana nokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo

Ukumangalela inyuvesi kungase kudinge imizwa, ngokuvamile kuhilele ukukhumbula izenzakalo ezibuhlungu kanye nokuzulazula ohlelweni lwezomthetho oluyinkimbinkimbi. Lokhu kungathinta impilo yengqondo nenhlalakahle yeqembu elishushisayo.

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5 Imiphumela Yamacala Amelene Namanyuvesi

Amacala amelene namanyuvesi angaba nemiphumela eminingi, kuye ngohlobo lwecala kanye nobufakazi obuveziwe. 

Nansi eminye yemiphumela engaba khona yamacala abhekene namanyuvesi:

1. Ukukhokhwa kwezimali

Ukukhokhwa kwezimali kungomunye wemiphumela evame kakhulu yamacala abhekene namanyuvesi. 

Lokhu kubandakanya ukuthi inyuvesi ikhokhe isamba semali kummangali noma abamangali ukuze kunxeshezelwe ngomonakalo noma umonakalo abawutholile. 

Inani lokukhokha lingaxoxisana ngokulamula noma linqunywe ijaji noma ijaji ecaleni.

2. Izinguquko kuzinqubomgomo zenyuvesi

Amacala amelene namanyuvesi nawo angaholela ezinguqukweni zezinqubomgomo noma izinqubo zamanyuvesi. 

Isibonelo, uma icala elimangalela ukucwaswa noma ukuhlukumeza, inyuvesi kungase kudingeke ukuthi ibuyekeze izinqubomgomo nezinqubo zayo ukuze igweme izigameko ezifanayo ukuthi zenzeke esikhathini esizayo.

3. Izinguquko ezigunyazwe yinkantolo ezenzweni zasenyuvesi

Kwesinye isikhathi, icala elibhekene nenyuvesi lingase libangele izinguquko ezigunyazwe yinkantolo ezenzweni zasenyuvesi. 

Lokhu kungafaka ukuqeqeshwa okwengeziwe kobuhlakani nabasebenzi, izinguquko kuzinqubomgomo zokwamukelwa, noma ukuqaliswa kwezinhlelo ezintsha noma amasevisi.

4. Ukuziphendulela komphakathi

Amacala amelene namanyuvesi angaphinde alethe ukunaka ezindabeni ezikhathaza umphakathi, njengokucwasa, ukuhlukumeza ngokocansi, noma ukungaziphathi kahle ezifundweni. 

Kwezinye izimo, ukucutshungulwa komphakathi okudalwe yicala kungenza amanyuvesi aphendule ngezenzo zawo futhi akhuthaze ushintsho emphakathini obanzi.

5. Alukho ushintsho

Ukumangalela inyuvesi kungase kubangele izinguquko ezingasho lutho. 

Ngisho noma ummangali eliwina icala, inyuvesi ingase ikhethe ukungazenzi izinguquko, noma izinguquko zingase zingathinti kakhulu isikhungo.

Funda kabanzi:

Izibonelo Ezingu-5 Zamacala Aphakeme Amacala Amelene Namanyuvesi

Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, amacala amaningana asezingeni eliphezulu bekungawabantu noma amaqembu abamangalela amanyuvesi. Nazi izibonelo zakamuva:

1. Izinqubomgomo zokwamukelwa

Ngo-2019, iqembu labafundi base-Asia-America lamangalela i-Harvard University, lithi izinqubomgomo zokwamukelwa kwenyuvesi ziyabacwasa. 

Icala laqulwa, kwathi ngo-2021, ijaji livuna iHarvard, lathola ukuthi izinqubomgomo zale nyuvesi zazisemthethweni futhi azibacwasi abafake izicelo base-Asia-America.

2. Ukuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi

Ngo-2015, owayengumfundi waseStanford University wamangalela le nyuvesi, ethi yayiliphethe kabi icala lakhe lokuhlukumeza ngokocansi. 

Icala lithole ukunakwa kuzwelonke, kwathi ngonyaka ka-2018, inyuvesi yavuma ukukhokha imali eyizigidi eziyi-1.7 kummangali futhi isebenzise izinguquko kuzinqubomgomo zayo zokuhlukumeza ngokocansi.

3. Ukungaziphathi kahle ezifundweni

Ngo-2019, iqembu labafundi bangaphambili e-University of North Carolina e-Chapel Hill lamangalela inyuvesi ngehlazo lezemfundo elibandakanya amakilasi mbumbulu. 

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Icala lisolwa ngokuthi inyuvesi ike yaziphatha budedengu ezifundweni futhi yephula namalungelo abafundi abenza izifundo zomgunyathi. 

Ngo-2021, inyuvesi yavuma ukunxeshezelwa ngo-$2.5 million nabamangali.

4. Ukucwasa

Ngo-2018, iqeqebana loprofesa besifazane eNyuvesi yaseDenver lamangalela inyuvesi, lithi bakhokhelwe imali encane kunozakwabo besilisa ngomsebenzi ofanayo. 

Icala laxazululwa ngo-2020, inyuvesi ivuma ukukhokha izigidi ezingama- $ 2.66 kubamangali futhi yenze izinguquko kuzinqubomgomo zayo zokuhola.

5. Ukuphepha Kwekhampasi

Ngo-2021, umfundi waseNyuvesi yase-Utah wamangalela inyuvesi, ethi yehlulekile ukumvikela odlameni lwasekhaya. 

Icala lithole ukunakwa ezweni lonke, kwathi ngo-2022, inyuvesi yavuma ukunxeshezelwa ngo-$13.5 million nomndeni wommangali.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQs) Ngokuthi “Ukumangalela Inyuvesi”

Ingabe inyuvesi ingamangalela umfundi?

Yebo, inyuvesi ingamangalela umfundi uma umfundi ephule isivumelwano nenyuvesi noma enze okunye ukwephulwa komthetho. Isibonelo, inyuvesi ingase imangalele umfundi ngokwephula inkontileka uma umfundi ehluleka ukukhokha imali yokufunda noma ephula isimiso sokuziphatha.

Ngabe abafundi bangawamangalela yini amanyuvesi uma benqatshelwa ukwamukelwa?

Ngokuvamile, mancane amathuba okuthi umfundi abophe inyuvesi ngempumelelo ngokumenqabela ukwamukelwa. Amanyuvesi anelungelo lokubeka imibandela yawo yokwamukelwa futhi enze izinqumo ezisekelwe ezintweni ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa neziqu zemfundo, imisebenzi yangemva kwesikole, nezinye izici ezifanele. Nokho, kungase kube nezimo ezithile lapho umfundi engamangalela inyuvesi ngokwenqaba ukwamukelwa. Isibonelo, uma isinqumo sokwamukelwa kwenyuvesi besisekelwe ezicini ezibandlululayo noma ezingekho emthethweni, njengobuhlanga, ubulili, noma isimo sokukhubazeka, umfundi angase abe nezizathu zokuvula icala.

Ngingakwazi yini ukumangalela inyuvesi yami ngokuhlehlisa usuku lwami lokuthweswa iziqu ngokuqhubekayo?

Ukuthi ungayimangalela noma cha inyuvesi yakho ngokuhlehlisa usuku lwakho lokuthweswa iziqu njalo kuya ngezimo nokuthi kungani usuku lwakho lokuthweswa iziqu lubambezelekile. Ngokuvamile, amanyuvesi anelungelo lokubeka izidingo zemfundo kanye namazinga okufanele abafundi bahlangabezane nawo ukuze baphumelele. Nokho, ake sithi ukholelwa ukuthi inyuvesi ayiziphathanga kahle, njengokwehluleka ukuhlinzeka ngezinsiza ezidingekayo noma ukwesekwa noma ukusebenzisa ngokungafanele izindinganiso zemfundo. Uma kunjalo, ungase ukwazi ukufaka isicelo somthetho ngokumelene nenyuvesi.

Isiphetho

Ukumangalela inyuvesi wuhlelo olusemthethweni lokumangalela isikhungo sezemfundo ngezizathu ezahlukene.

Izizathu ezinjalo zihlanganisa ukucwasa, ukuhlukumeza ngokocansi, ukunqanyulwa okungalungile, ukwephulwa kwenkontileka, noma izingxabano zempahla eqanjiwe. 

Nakuba izinqubo zomthetho ezihilelekile ekumangaleleni inyuvesi zingaba inkimbinkimbi futhi zibe inselele, amacala anjalo angaholela emiphumeleni enjengokukhokhelwa kwezimali, izinguquko emigomeni yenyuvesi, noma izinguquko ezigunyazwe yinkantolo ezenzweni zasenyuvesi. 

Amacala aphezulu amelene namanyuvesi alethe ukunaka ezindabeni ezibalulekile, njengendima yamanyuvesi ekubhekaneni nokuhlukunyezwa ngokocansi nokungaziphathi kahle kanye nesidingo sezinqubomgomo zokungena ezinobulungiswa nezilinganayo. 

Ekugcineni, isinqumo sokumangalela inyuvesi sibucayi okufanele sithathwe yinoma yimuphi umuntu ngemva kokucabangela ngokucophelela ubungozi nezinzuzo ezingaba khona kanye nokuqondiswa ochwepheshe bezomthetho.

Owesabekayo; Ngithemba ukuthi lesi sihloko siyawuphendula umbuzo wakho.

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