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Sukulu 10 Zachipatala Zabwino Kwambiri za Ana (Nthawi Ya Nthawi, Momwe Mungachitire, Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri) | 2022
Ntchito yaubwana kuchokera kusukulu iliyonse yazachipatala ya ana ndi njira yabwino yoganizira ngati mumakonda kucheza ndi odwala achichepere.
Matenda a ana amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pagulu ndipo amalipidwa ndi kuchuluka kwandalama.
Mukapita ku udokotala wa ana ngati ntchito, mudzakhala ndi zinthu zambiri zokhutiritsa. Malinga ndi Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) yaku United States of America, madokotala a ana amapeza malipiro apachaka a $184,410 mu 2019.
Mfundo yoti malipiro apakati awa ndi okwera kawiri kuposa omwe amalandila anthu aku America ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri.
Ndalemba mndandanda wa masukulu apamwamba omwe amapereka mapulogalamu odziwika bwino a digiri ya ana munkhaniyi.
Chifukwa chake, ngati mutasankha kukhala dokotala wa ana, mudzakhala ndi mwayi wosangalala ndi ntchito yabwino yomwe imayikidwanso kumbuyo. Popanda kuchedwa, tiyeni tilowemo!
Kodi Pediatrics ndi chiyani?
Pediatrics ndi gawo lamankhwala lomwe limakhudza thanzi ndi chithandizo chamankhwala kwa ana ndi achinyamata, kuyambira kubadwa mpaka zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu.
Chisamaliro cha ana chimaphatikizapo ntchito zambiri zachipatala, kuyambira chithandizo chamankhwala chopewera matenda mpaka kuzindikira ndi kuchiza matenda aakulu ndi aakulu.
Ana osakwana zaka 21 amawerengedwa kuti ndi odwala pansi pa Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act).
Magulu a ana amagawidwa motere: Ana akhanda ndi makanda omwe amakhala m'masiku 28 oyambirira a moyo. Makanda, kuyambira masiku 29 mpaka osakwana zaka 2.
Zowonjezereka, chifukwa madokotala a ana amakonda kwambiri ana, kuphunzira kuimba nyimbo zoyimba nyimbo zachibwanabwana ndi gawo loyamba labwino kwambiri lochita ntchito yaudokotala. Ndi odwala, kuyimba kumatha kukhala gawo lazochita zanu zatsiku ndi tsiku.
Werengani zambiri: Sukulu 7 Za Forensic Pathology ku United States (Motani, FAQs)
Ntchito za Dokotala wa Ana:
Kusamalira anthu:
Tsiku lililonse, mumagwira ntchito ndi odwala kuti muwathandize kubwerera ku thanzi lawo asanavulale. Komabe, nkhani za thanzi lawo siziyenera kukhala zovuta.
Chithandizo cha malungo nthawi zina chimangofunika, koma chikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha chikuku kapena nkhuku.
Monga wothandizira pachipatala, mudzakhala ndi udindo wolemba madandaulo a odwala, kufotokoza zoyezetsa zachipatala, kusanthula zotsatira, ndi kupanga malingaliro a chithandizo kwa odwala anu.
Kulankhulana kwa odwala ndi makolo:
Inu, odwala anu, ndi makolo awo muyenera kumalumikizana nthawi zonse; Izi zili choncho chifukwa makanda salankhulana nthawi zonse.
Muyenera kumvetsetsa zomwe amalankhula komanso kudziwa nthawi yoti muwagwire, kusewera nawo, ndi kuwadyetsa. Komanso, kukhala ndi nthawi yocheza ndi odwala kudzakuthandizani kumvetsa mmene amachitira.
Muyenera kuwadziwitsa makolo awo za mapulani awo amankhwala, zotsatira zoyezetsa, komanso momwe alili azaumoyo. Monga dokotala wa ana, muyenera kuyankhanso mafunso aumoyo wa makolo ndikuwakhazika mtima pansi pakagwa mwadzidzidzi.
Kusamalira Matenda Osatha:
Kuthandiza odwala anu kuti achire ku matenda monga shuga ndizomwe muzichita ngati dokotala wa ana.
Palibe chifukwa chowachitira mwachindunji, koma mungafunike kuwayang'anira kuti muwonetsetse kuti akumwa mankhwala monga momwe adanenera mpaka atachira.
Kuonjezera apo, mudzakhala ndi udindo wosunga odwala anu kuti adziwe kusintha kulikonse kwa thanzi lawo pamene mukuwathandiza kuti achirenso.
Dokotala wa ana amalimbikitsanso akatswiri pakafunika kutero.
Werengani zambiri: Sukulu 5 Zapamwamba Zovomerezeka za Udokotala (PA) ku Illinois
Kulangiza anthu za momwe angakhalire athanzi:
Madokotala a ana ali ndi udindo waukulu kuposa kungopereka chithandizo chamankhwala. Kuphatikiza apo, muyenera kupereka upangiri waumoyo, monga momwe mungadyetsere zakudya, zizolowezi zabwino, ndi zakudya.
Kuonjezera apo, odwala anu adzayang'ana kwa inu kuti akuthandizeni pazochitika zosiyanasiyana zokhudzana ndi thanzi, monga katemera, masewera, zakudya, ndi zina zotero.
Ntchito ya Dokotala wa Ana ku United States:
Kodi muli ndi chidwi chofuna kuchita kafukufuku kapena udokotala wa ana?
Masukulu azachipatala omwe ali ndi maudindo apamwamba kwambiri a subspecialty angakhalenso ogwirizana ndi zipatala zabwino kwambiri zophunzitsira za ana.
Kuphatikiza pa izi, muyenera kuyang'ana zipatala zophunzitsira m'dera lanu zomwe zimakopa ogwira ntchito zachipatala ophunzitsidwa bwino ndikupereka mwayi wabwino wofufuza ndi maphunziro okhalamo.
Bungwe la National Institutes of Health lasankha mapulogalamu 22 osiyanasiyana ofufuza za ana m'dziko lonselo.
Momwe Mungakhalire Dokotala wa Ana:
Kuti mukhale dokotala wa ana, muyenera kuyika nthawi yochuluka m'mabuku ndi m'kalasi. Monga dokotala, muyenera kukhala ndi cholinga chokhala ndi ziphaso ndikupeza satifiketi yaubwana.
Choyamba muyenera kumaliza digiri ya maphunziro apamwamba mu sayansi ya zamankhwala, malizitsani zaka zinayi kuchokera kusukulu iliyonse yazachipatala ya ana, ndiyeno yambitsani pulogalamu yanu yokhalamo kapena yophunzirira.
M'zaka zanu zitatu zoyambirira zamaphunziro, mudzakhala ndi maziko olimba mu sayansi ya zamankhwala ndikukonzekera bwino ntchito yanu yamtsogolo ngati udokotala.
Komabe, mungafunike kutenga maphunziro amodzi kapena angapo mwa awa: Biology, Chemistry, kapena Masamu ngati wamkulu wachiwiri. Njira yokhayo yokhalira dokotala wovomerezeka ndikulembetsa pulogalamu ya udokotala ku yunivesite yovomerezeka yachipatala.
Zaka zina zitatu kapena zinayi zophunzirira nthawi zambiri zimafunika kuti mumalize digiri yanu panthawiyi ndikulembetsa pulogalamu ya internship pachipatala.
Ngati mukufuna kuyesa luso lanu muzochitika zenizeni motsogozedwa ndi akatswiri azachipatala, apa ndipamene mungathe kuchita.
Chotsatira pakukulitsa luso lanu ndikukhala sing'anga wovomerezeka.
Kuti muyenerere izi, muyenera kutenga mayeso ovomerezeka opangidwa ndi dziko lanu kapena dziko lomwe mudamaliza maphunziro anu.
Werengani zambiri: Kodi Anesthesiologists amapanga ndalama zingati? (Canada, US, Australia)
Kodi mukufuna Satifiketi Yaukadaulo ya Ana ku United States?
Pali ma certification ambiri omwe mungawonjezere pa cv yanu. Chowonadi ndichakuti satifiketi imatsimikizira ukadaulo wanu pantchitoyo ndikuwonjezera mwayi wanu wopeza ntchito yamaloto anu mwachangu.
Chitsimikizochi chimavomerezedwa kwambiri ku United States, ndipo chimatchedwa American Board of Pediatrics (ABP).
Mapulogalamu odziwika bwino a certification amakhala m'maiko ena. Satifiketi ya dokotala wa ana iyenera kuperekedwa kokha ndi bungwe lovomerezeka kwambiri m'dziko lomwe akukonzekera kuchita.
Werengani zambiri: Sukulu 10 Zapamwamba za Anesthesiology (Masitepe, Ubwino, FAQ)
Kodi kukhala dokotala wa ana ndikovuta?
Pamafunika nthawi yambiri, khama komanso ndalama kuti mukhale dokotala wa ana.
Sizoyenera aliyense, koma kwa iwo omwe asankhidwa, itha kukhala ntchito yopindulitsa komanso yopindulitsa atalembetsa kusukulu zachipatala za ana.
Madokotala a ana amadzipereka ku ubwino wa ana ndi achinyamata pamagulu onse: thupi, maganizo, chitukuko, ndi chikhalidwe.
Zipatala zakunja zimagwiritsa ntchito madokotala ambiri a ana, koma ena amasankha kukakhazikika m'dera linalake la ana ndikugwira ntchito m'chipatala cha ana kapena chipatala chachikulu (monga chipatala cha ana akhanda).
Madokotala a ana ayenera kumaliza zaka zitatu zoonjezera zamaphunziro pambuyo pa chiphaso chawo choyambirira asanakhale ovomerezeka a ABP.
Madokotala, mosiyana ndi akatswiri a masamu, ayenera kudzipereka zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi ku maphunziro awo, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zaka zitatu zokhalamo komanso zaka zitatu za maphunziro apadera.
Kukhazikika kumatengera mtundu wa malo ogwirira ntchito omwe mukufuna komanso ukadaulo womwe muli nawo. Zipinda zachipatala zachipatala ndizosiyana kwambiri ndi zachipatala, ndipo mosiyana ndi zowona.
Ngati kukhala dokotala sikuli kwa inu, ganizirani kukhala namwino wa ana. Ndi mapindu omwewo, njira yantchito ndiyosawononga nthawi.
Werengani zambiri: Momwe Mungakhalire Dokotala Wachipatala ku Spain (Pang'onopang'ono)
Chiyembekezo cha Ntchito kwa Madokotala a Ana ku United States:
Zikafika kwa madokotala a ana, US Bureau of Labor Statistics imaneneratu za kukula kwa 10% kwa ntchito.
Malinga ndi kafukufukuyu, madokotala a ana akupeza ntchito mofulumira kuposa akatswiri a m’madera ena ambiri.
Kwa akatswiri a ana omwe adadutsa m'masukulu aliwonse azachipatala a ana, nthawi yanu yogwirira ntchito idzakhala yosinthika, mudzatha kudziikira nthawi yanu, ndipo mutha kugwira ntchito mosinthana.
Kuchita bwino kwa moyo wantchito ndizotheka kwa ambiri mwa Madokotala a Ana.
Kodi Malipiro a Dokotala wa Ana ndi angati?
Malipiro apachaka a dokotala wa ana ku United States amayambira pa $98,474. Komano, madokotala ambiri odziwa bwino ana amapanga $200,330 pachaka.
Ku Canada, malipiro ochepa a Dokotala wa Ana ndi $61,776. Ngakhale zili choncho, akatswiri pantchitoyi angayembekezere kupanga $350,000 pachaka. Madokotala amapeza malipiro apachaka a $234,100.
Malipiro apachaka a dokotala wa ana ku United Kingdom ndi pafupifupi £80,000. Komabe, akamakhwima ndikupeza zambiri, malipiro awo amakwera mpaka £160,000.
Madokotala a ana ku United Kingdom nthawi zambiri amapanga ndalama zokwana £105,000 pachaka.
Werengani zambiri: Njira 9+ Zolipidwa Kuti Mumvetsere Mavuto a Anthu
Sukulu Zachipatala Zapamwamba za Ana ku United States:
1. Yunivesite ya Cincinnati:
Ohio ndi kwawo kwa University of Cincinnati, njira yabwino kwambiri yomwe imalimbikitsidwa kwambiri.
Kunivesiteyi ndi kwawo komwe kuli malo opangira kafukufuku wa ana odziwika bwino komanso malo ena ofufuza zamankhwala.
Bungwe lodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansili ndi lomwe muyenera kupitako ngati mukufuna kudzipangira mbiri pazofufuza zamankhwala. Ndi imodzi mwasukulu zabwino kwambiri zachipatala za ana.
Zikafika pasukulu yaku yunivesiteyo, ili ndi magawo oyamba a jenda, kusiyanasiyana kwapadera, komanso moyo wakusukulu womwe ndi wosangalatsa kukhala nawo.
Maphunziro anu okhalamo angaphatikizepo kasinthasintha wa chisamaliro chakunja, kusamalira ana obadwa kumene, chisamaliro chaodwala, chisamaliro chachikulu, komanso chisamaliro chodzidzimutsa.
2.Yunivesite ya Stanford:
Yunivesite yodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi ya Stanford, membala wa Ivy League yotchuka, ili ndi pulogalamu yabwino kwambiri yophunzirira kwa ophunzira ake. Sukuluyi ndi imodzi mwasukulu zabwino kwambiri zachipatala za ana.
Pulogalamu ya dipatimenti ya Pediatrics yokhala ku Stanford Medicine ikuyenda bwino chifukwa ili mdera lomwe lili ndi anthu osiyanasiyana.
Zikafika pakufufuza zamankhwala, Yunivesite ya Stanford imapereka zida zapamwamba kwambiri.
Ophunzira omwe akufuna kupititsa patsogolo maphunziro awo amatha kulembetsa maphunziro a digiri ya masters m'magawo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza miliri ndi biomedical informatics, pakati pa ena.
Kuphatikiza apo, mlengalenga pasukulupo ndi wodabwitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kukhala kosangalatsa ku koleji.
Werengani zambiri: Njira 12 Zolipidwa Kuti Mupite Kusukulu (Pa intaneti / Paintaneti)
3. Yunivesite ya Washington:
Dipatimenti yodziwika bwino ya ana ikhoza kupezeka ku Washington University, yomwe imadziwika kuti ndi imodzi mwasukulu zabwino kwambiri mdziko muno.
Komanso sukulu yachipatala yaku yunivesiteyi ili pagulu la sukulu zabwino kwambiri zachipatala za ana.
Ndizotheka kutsata zachipatala za ana molumikizana ndi mankhwala amisala kapena wamba kapena ngati njira yodziyimira yokha.
Pulogalamu yachiyanjano ya University of Washington imaphatikizanso akatswiri opitilira 20 a ana omwe amawonedwa kuti ndiabwino kwambiri pantchito yawo.
4. Baylor College of Medicine:
Bungwe lazachipatala lamaphunziro limapereka mapulogalamu okhazikika a ana kuphatikiza mwayi wokhalamo mwapadera komanso mwayi woyanjana ndi madokotala a ana, monga endocrinology ya ana, nephrology ya ana, ndi mankhwala amasewera a ana.
Izi zimakupatsirani mwayi wabwino kwambiri woganizira zina zomwe mungasankhe ngati muli ndi malingaliro ena.
Mapulogalamu ochepa amaperekedwa ku Chipatala cha Ana ku San Antonio, koma ambiri amangopezeka kusukulu yayikulu ya Baylor University ku Houston.
5. Yunivesite ya Colorado:
Denver, Colorado, ndi kwawo ku yunivesite yotchuka ya Colorado. Sukulu ya Zamankhwala ili pa Anschutz Medical Campus ndipo ndi imodzi mwasukulu zabwino kwambiri zachipatala za ana.
Dipatimenti ya Pediatrics mkati mwa Sukulu ya Zamankhwala imapereka othandizira azachipatala omwe akufuna kuchita ntchitoyo ndi maphunziro owonjezera a ana kudzera m'mayendedwe akumidzi, padziko lonse lapansi, m'matauni, kapena a LEADS (nthawi yamoyo).
Zinadziwika chifukwa chokhala malo oyamba kwambiri kuyika chiwindi pamwana, zomwe zidachitika pachipatala cha yunivesiteyo.
Mupeza mwayi womaliza maphunziro awo m'malo odziwika bwino azachipatala komanso azachipatala.
Kuphatikiza apo, ophunzira azachipatala omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi ana ali ndi mwayi wosankha kutenga nawo gawo paukalaliki kapena sub-internship.
Werengani zambiri: Mankhwala Ophunzirira ku Bulgaria (Masukulu azachipatala, Nthawi, Malipiro)
6. Yunivesite ya North Carolina:
Yunivesite ya North Carolina ku Chapel Hill ndi chisankho chabwino kwambiri kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chidwi ndi mapulogalamu ophunzitsira ana.
Ngati mungaganize zopita ku yunivesite iyi, akupatsani mwayi wosiyanasiyana woti mufufuze pamutuwu.
Dipatimenti ya Pediatrics ku yunivesite ya North Carolina ku Chapel Hill ndi kwawo kwa magulu 11 apadera.
Ophunzira adzakhala ndi mwayi wopeza ma clerkships a ana ndi mapulogalamu okhalamo omwe ali ovomerezeka pazachipatala cha ana akamadutsa mu Dipatimenti ya Pediatrics.
Amapereka maphunziro apamwamba kwa anthu omwe akufuna kuphunzira za ana.
7. Yunivesite ya Duke:
Mfundo yoti Duke University ndiyothandizana ndi zipatala zingapo zamankhwala zosiyanasiyana, mosakayikira, ndiye phindu lalikulu lomaliza maphunziro anu a ana kumeneko.
Duke School of Medicine ndi yogwirizana ndi Chipatala cha Ana cha Duke ndi Health Center, chomwe chimadziwika kuti ndi chimodzi mwa zipatala zabwino kwambiri za ana ku United States.
Mgwirizanowu umapatsa ophunzira azachipatala mwayi wopeza maphunziro azachipatala a ana.
Ophunzira ali ndi zosankha zosiyanasiyana, monga gawo la maphunziro awo ofunikira komanso zochitika zakunja, kuti adziwe zambiri zachipatala.
Wophunzira aliyense akuyembekezeka kumaliza ulaliki wa ana omwe amakhala kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi.
Monga imodzi mwasukulu zabwino kwambiri zachipatala za ana, mutha kupezanso gulu labwino kwambiri ku Duke kudzera m'bungwe lomwe limadziwika kuti Pediatric Interest Group, lokonzedwa ndi ophunzira ndikuthandizidwa ndi yunivesite.
8. Yunivesite ya Pennsylvania Perelman School:
Mapulogalamu a ana ndi ana ku Yunivesite ya Pennsylvania's Perelman School ndi ena mwa abwino kwambiri mdzikolo.
Pulogalamuyi imapereka mamembala 288 omwe akugwira ntchito kuti aphunzirepo chifukwa cha mgwirizano wake ndi Chipatala cha Ana ku Philadelphia.
Dipatimenti ya Pediatrics ku yunivesite ya Pennsylvania ikukula mofulumira, ndipo pali mwayi wambiri wogwira ntchito m'madera onse a New York ndi Pennsylvania.
Ali ndi mapulogalamu abwino ofufuza komanso mayanjano ambiri kwa wophunzira aliyense.
9. University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine:
Dipatimenti ya Pediatrics ku School of Medicine ku UC San Francisco ndiyotchuka kwambiri pagombe lakumadzulo. Sukuluyi ndi imodzi mwasukulu zabwino kwambiri zachipatala za ana.
Ngati mungaganize zopita ku yunivesiteyi, mudzakhala ndi mwayi wambiri wogwira ntchito m'zipatala zabwino kwambiri za University of California.
Chifukwa pali mwayi wambiri wosiyanasiyana wamayanjano, UC San Francisco ikhoza kukhala njira ina yabwino kwambiri kwa iwo omwe ali ndi chidwi chodziwa zachipatala.
Kuchokera ku nephrology ndi cardiology kupita ku majini azachipatala ndi chilichonse chapakati, pali zambiri zapadera.
10. Sukulu ya Zamankhwala ku Yunivesite ya Harvard:
Mudzakhala ndi mwayi wabwino wofufuza zachipatala chifukwa cha malo odabwitsa a Harvard University Medical School.
Kupeza komwe Harvard ali nako kuzipatala zabwino kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi ndi chimodzi mwazabwino zambiri zomwe yunivesite ili nayo pazachipatala.
Chifukwa chokhacho chomwe chili chotsika pamndandanda ndikuti pulogalamuyi ndi yokwera mtengo kwambiri.
Ophunzira a Harvard Medical School ali ndi mwayi chifukwa amagwira ntchito ndi Brigham ndi Women's Hospital, yomwe nthawi zambiri imaganiziridwa kuti ndi chipatala chabwino kwambiri cha ana ku United States.
Ubwino wobisika wokhala dokotala wa ana:
Ndizotheka kupeza ntchito yaudokotala wa ana mukamaliza maphunziro pafupifupi zaka khumi (sukulu iliyonse yabwino kwambiri yachipatala ya ana), kukhala zaka zitatu, komanso ziphaso ndi ziphaso zofunikira.
Pali 0.5 peresenti ya kusowa kwa ntchito. Dziko lapansi likubalabe ana ambiri, ndipo ambiri a iwo (zachisoni, si onse) amatumizidwa kwa madokotala.
Madotolo atsopano akamayamba ntchito zawo, amagwira ntchito ndi anzawo odziwa zambiri kuti apititse patsogolo chidziwitso ndi luso lawo.
Kwa ena, chikhumbo chochita bizinesi yawoyawo chimabwera pambuyo pa zaka zingapo zakuchita nawo ntchito.
Kukhala bwana wanu komanso kukhala ndi moyo wabwino pantchito ndi zifukwa ziwiri zabwino kwambiri zopitira njirayi. Komabe, ena amasankha kuchita mwaukadaulo kapena kusamuka kuchokera ku chipatala kupita ku chipatala chamtundu wina.
Ngati ndinu dokotala wa ana, mukhoza kukhala woyenerera kukhala mkulu wa chipatala kapena mlangizi wa zachipatala.
Amayang'anira kuonetsetsa kuti zipatala ndi zipatala zina zikuyenda bwino komanso moyenera kuti apindule ndi odwala awo.
Werengani zambiri: Momwe Mungakhalire Dermatologist (Masitepe, Nthawi, Maluso)
Mafunso Omwe Amafunsidwa Nthawi zambiri pa Sukulu Zachipatala za Ana:
Ndi koleji iti yomwe ili yabwino kwambiri kuti mukhale dokotala wa ana?
University of Pennsylvania (Perelman)
University of Harvard.
Yunivesite ya Cincinnati.
Yunivesite ya Johns Hopkins.
Yunivesite ya California – San Francisco
Kodi chachikulu kwambiri kwa dokotala wa ana ndi chiyani?
40% ya madokotala a ana ali ndi digiri ya zamankhwala monga gawo lawo loyamba la maphunziro. Kuphunzira kwa unamwino kapena biology ndi gawo lina lodziwika bwino la maphunziro a ana omwe akufuna.
Kodi digiri ya udokotala wa ana imatchedwa chiyani?
Digiri ya Dokotala wa Ana
Kodi ana amachita opaleshoni?
Ndi ntchito yawo yozindikira ndi kuchiza zilema zakubadwa komanso zovuta zapanthawi yobereka zomwe zingafune kuchitidwa opaleshoni. Opaleshoni yongobadwa kumene, opaleshoni ya khansa, ndi opareshoni yangozi zonse ndi zifukwa zofala kuti ana awone dokotala wa opaleshoni ya ana.
Zimatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji kuti mukhale Dokotala wa Ana?
Pakati pa zaka 11 ndi 15 ndi nthawi yomwe imatenga nthawi kuti munthu akhale dokotala wa ana. Digiri ya bachelor imatenga avareji ya zaka zinayi, kutsatiridwa ndi zaka zinayi za sukulu ya udokotala, zaka zitatu mpaka zisanu ndi ziwiri zokhalamo, ndipo mwinanso chiyanjano.
Kutsiliza:
Njira yokhala dokotala ndi yayitali komanso yovuta yomwe ili ndi zovuta zambiri panjira. Kuleza mtima komanso kugwira ntchito molimbika ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti mudutse masukulu aliwonse azachipatala a ana.
Chodabwitsa; Ndikukhulupirira kuti nkhaniyi yayankha funso lanu.
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Gawani ndi Bwenzi lanu.
